This paper explores the cultural significance of one of the most representative public spaces of the city center of Sincelejo in the early twentieth century. Methodologically supported research on the analysis of the press archive of the city of Sincelejo, located in the National Library of Colombia. Explanation is achieved here on the value of the urban structure as a world heritage city. The paper summarizes the findings related to the history of the atrium of the church San Francisco de Asis de Sincelejo, in relation to its construction and the important role it takes in everyday life, especially when it becomes the stage for the retreats of the military band of the Department of Sincelejo. We review here how these urban structures are converted into new models of public space and ideals of progress for the city, emphasizing the cultural development and the creation of new imagery that compete with the establishment of the Catholic Church and its hegemony. Keywords: public space, atrium, church, retreats, cultural significance, urban history.