Oil is a strategic resource for the United States which relates to foreign policy for its economic, geopolitical and strategic-military importance that gives it qualities needed to be recognized as hegemonic in the International scenario. Identify the role of oil in the external actions of the country can help the understanding of certain positions that the government takes on the international scenario. By demonstrating the economic importance of this resource especially for maintaining economic growth and to review its strategic military importance, it is possible to determine that the conduct of foreign policy is not necessarily conditioned by ownership of this resource, taking into account the country has made progress in achieving the much desired energy independence, but there is a geopolitical issue, for example in traffic control and influence in areas with oil reserves, which make the oil go into the international agenda of the country.