The purpose of this study has been to carry out a theoretical review of the most important aspects envisaged in forensic profiling together with the conditions in which this technique is used in Colombia and the results having been obtained here from its use, as well as the challenges posed. After having completed the review of the related literature, it was found that despite the growing experience gained in the development of profiling in countries like the United States, the United Kingdom and Spain, a still poorly used investigation technique prevails in Colombia, almost unknown to both mental health professionals and justice operators. There are some deficiencies in the collection of information required for profiling, as well as a notorious lack of empirical researches and investigations serving to support the validity of this technique; nevertheless, some advances should be acknowledged with regard to its practical use as shown in a case study analysis carried out by the National Police CICOP (Behavior Sciences and Criminal Profiling Group). To conclude, the challenges posed by knowledge obtained with regard to forensic profiling for criminal investigation in Colombia are discussed.