A relationship between cognitive schema and behavioral reaction was studied in consumers and non-consumers of psvchoactive substances. To reach this objective, reclassified items of Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory - II (MCMI-I1) were applied to a sample 40 polyaddicts and 44 non-consumers. Participants were at least 18 years old, men and women, and residents in Santa Fe de Bogota. The results revealed signifi­cant relationships between misuse and behavioral reactions. Both dysfunctions were also significant more frequently in consumers than in non-consumers (p < 0.001) Results also revealed that there is less probability of error when misuse is predicted from cognitive schema and from behavioral reactions than the opposite way.