Region is a concept that has been used to describe, analyze and organize spaces. The concept has classical roots, and throughout history has been adapted to serve academic, governmental and planning purposes. This article analyzes the concept’s evolution, from social sciences in general, with an emphasis on a geographical focus. It also frames Latin American ideas in an international discussion where the French, German and Anglo-Saxon school have been important. And in order to understand the various theoretical and methodological approaches, it follows an historical overview. Finally, the text explores the way in which the concept was received and used in Latin America, both by scholars and planners.