Introduccion: Trichosporon beigelii, por mucho tiempo fue considerado la unica especie del genero y se le reconocia particularmente por ser el agente causal de una micosis del pelo denominada “piedra blanca”. La taxonomia del genero ha cambiado y se han descrito alrededor de trece especies implicadas en enfermedades humanas. T. inkin, T. cutaneum, T. mucoides, T. asteroides, T. ovoides y T. asahii, son las seis especies que mas frecuentemente se han asociado a infeccion localizada o diseminada. Objetivo: revisar la informacion disponible sobre Trichosporon spp. e identificar el impacto que tiene T. asahii como agente patogeno. Metodologia: se realizo busqueda bibliografica en Pubmed, reuniendo la informacion obtenida en el programa para manejo bibliografico Endnote X1. Se tuvieron en cuenta articulos completos y resumenes de investigaciones originales y revisiones. Resultados: el principal agente causal de trichosporonosis profunda es el T. asahii. Esta levadura se ha asociado a infecciones cutaneas y sistemicas. La infeccion se presenta en estados con compromiso inmunologico: cancer, enfermedad cronica o alteraciones en las barreras cutaneas y mucosas. En general se considera que las vias de entrada pueden ser cateteres, tubos de drenaje, discontinuidad de la piel en pacientes quemados o tambien por traslado desde la mucosa intestinal. Se han descrito seis genotipos de T. asahii, que son de distribucion mundial, con predominio del genotipo-1. El proceso de patogenesis de la trichosporonosis esta determinado por la condicion inmunologica del paciente y los factores de virulencia del agente. Se han senalado como posibles factores de virulencia la presencia de glucoroxilomano. El diagnostico se realiza con pruebas metabolicas y moleculares. El tratamiento de la trichosporonosis profunda es poco eficaz si la inmunodeficiencia no se supera. Es creciente la resistencia a Anfotericina-B y otros antifungicos. Se obtienen mejores resultados con voriconazol. Conclusion: la trichosporonosis profunda por T. asahii es una entidad micotica emergente que afecta especialmente a pacientes neutropenicos. El diagnostico es un reto y es elevada la tasa de mortalidad. Rev.cienc.biomed. 2013;4(2):327-334 PALABRAS CLAVE Micosis; Trichosporon; Fungemia; Sistema inmunologico; Infecciones oportunistas. SUMMARY Introduction: trichosporon beigelii was considered as the only species of the genus for long time; it was recognized because it was the causal agent of a mycosis of the hair named “White piedra”. The taxonomy of the genus has changed and about thirteen species have been described which are involved in human diseases. T. inkin, T. cutaneum, T. mucoides, T. asteroides, T. ovoides and T. asahii are six species that have been associated to located or disseminated infections. Objective: to revise the available information about Trichosporon spp and to identify the impact that have T. asahii as pathogenic agent. Methods: a bibliographic search in Pubmed was carried out, getting together the obtained data in the program for the bibliographic management Endnote X1. Complete articles, abstracts of original researches and reviews were borne in mind. Results: the main causal agent of deep trichosporonosis is the T. asahii. This yeast has been associated to skin and systemic infections. The infection appears in conditions with immunological compromise: Cancer, chronic disease or disorders in the cutaneous and mucous barriers. In general, it is considered that the routes of entry could be catheters, drainage tubes, and lack of continuity of skin in burned patients and by move from the intestinal mucous. Six genotypes of T. asahii have been described. They have global distribution and the predominance is for the genotype-1. The process of pathogenesis of the trichosporonosis is determined by the immunological condition of the patient and the virulence factors of the agent. The presence of glucuronoxylomannan has been indicated as possible virulence factor. The diagnosis is done with metabolic and molecular tests. The treatment of the deep trichosporonosis is ineffective if the immunodeficiency does not excel itself. The resistance is increasing to amphotericin b and other antifungal drugs. Better results are obtained with Voriconazole. Conclusions: the deep trichosporonosis by T. asahii is an emergent fungal disease that affects specially to neutropenic patients. The diagnosis is a challenge and the mortality rate is high. Rev.cienc.biomed. 2013;4(2):327-334 KEYWORDS Mycoses; Trichosporon; Fungemia; Immune System; Opportunistic Infections.