It was observed pitting of corrosion in 316L stainless steel tanks. These tanks were news and belong to a shampoo and balsam fabric. When they started to work, multiple pittings started to appear over the inner surface of the tanks dedicated to shampoo fabrication, which were not related to welding joint of the reactors. Moreover, it was observed that pittings were more frequent in upper zone that in the lower zone of the tanks. The chemical composition of the material was determined, concluding that it was a 316L stainless steel. All kinds of shampoo were chemically analyzed, finding in all the cases, a content of chloride near the critical concentration that produce pittings in stainless steel. Experimental laboratory simulations were carried out in order to generate the pittings over the steel. To do this, sheets of stainless steel were submerged in the different shampoos, but these proofs were unsuccessful. However, when sheets were submerged and dripped in air, pittings appear in 24 hr, after the experiment started. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was made in order to characterize the morphology of pittings finding in each one, salts of cubic geometry. From Energy Dispersive Analysis X Ray (EDAX), it was concluded that these salts were NaCl, similar to those salts that appeared in the pittings of the tanks. From these results and from information of the plant, it was possible to conclude that the pittings appeared related to a wrong operation of the plant, because the tanks did not wash after the fabrication of the shampoos or balsams, drying slowly, concentrating the chlorides over the critical level and producing the pittings. Washing and drying the tanks after each process was recommended to avoid the pitting corrosion of the tanks.
Tópico:
Hydrogen embrittlement and corrosion behaviors in metals