The adaptive mechanisms of native forest species have promoted considerable interests, since knowledge of plant physiology and biochemistry enhances the use of these species in recovery of degraded areas, especially in the Amazon region. This research aimed to evaluate the physiological and biochemical responses of andiroba (Carapa guianensis Aubl.) seedlings submitted to two water regimes. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the Universidade Federal Rural da Amazonia in Belem city, State of Para, Brazil, in the period from September to November of 2013. A completely randomized design with two water conditions was used as follows: control and water deficit, with 15 replications, totaling 30 experimental units. During the experimental period, the control plants were irrigated daily for replacement of evaporated water. The results showed that suspension of irrigation during 25 days of experiment period promoted a considerable reduction of the water potential (Ѱam) of plants grown under water deficit. The stomatal conductance and transpiration rate showed decrease in non-irrigated plants, with the increase of water deficit period. The water deficit induced an increase in the concentrations of sucrose, free proline and glycine-betaine, as well as in total soluble carbohydrates, both in the leaves and in the roots. The water deficit of 25 days of irrigation suspension served in the regulation of water relations of andiroba plants, restricting transpiration rate, reducing the water potential and stomatal conductance, promoting accumulation of free proline, total soluble carbohydrates, sucrose and glycine betaine concentrations.