This article presents, in the first place, the sociocultural perspective of mathematics education, as well as the various topics being investigated in Colombia in both the micro- and macrosocial levels. Secondly, it discusses some of the implications of adopting such a standpoint when dealing with mathematics in the school, in relation to the didactic structure. How to referene this article: Blanco Alvarez, Hilbert, “La postura sociocultural de la educacion matematica y sus implicaciones en la escuela”, Revista Educacion y Pedagogia, Medellin, Universidad de Antioquia, Facultad de Educacion, vol. 23, num. 59, enero-abril, 2011, pp. 59-66. Received: julio 2009 Accepted: noviembre 2009