This article arises from research: “The role of the speech pathologist (a) and the most frequent alterations in the neonatal intensive care wards (NICU) of three clinics in the city of Santiago de Cali, Valle, Colombia”. The task of the speech therapy professional’s priority in doing research repentance from prevention and not from the pathology instituted, which is why the investigation was prompted by the specificity of the role of speech therapy in early intervention moments as in the care unit neonatal intensive (NICU). The article will focus on matters related to the Rolepromptly Speech therapist, what is relevant for priority assume the qualitative aspect. This was done through ethnographic methodology, aiming at understanding the role of speech therapy in the neonatal intensive care units. The article shows the view from the procedural to the do considering the contextual, assessment, diagnosis, treatment and prevention and promotion actions.