RESUMEN Several phytosanitary problems affect tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum) crops, one of the most important being the tomato fruit borer, which has caused losses of up to 70% in areas of the Valle del Cauca department (Colombia). To find resistance mechanisms to this pest, plants of three wild introductions of Solanum (PI134417, PI134418, LA1264) and the commercial cultivar Unapal-Maravilla were planted in a screenhouse. A completely randomized design was used with eight replicates. Five releases of N. elegantalis were carried out and the response was evaluated by the antixenosis or no preference test. Five racemes of each introduction were also suspended from the top of a field cage (1.8 x 1.5 x 1.5 m) to evaluate their response to six releases of the pest. For the two experiments, both an analysis of variance and analysis of means were performed. The average oviposition per plant was significantly higher in Unapal-Maravilla as compared with the wild introductions, and the average number of eggs per fruit was significantly lower in LA1264. The insects laid more eggs on the fruit surface (>70%). Glandular trichomes types I, IV and VI found in the wild introductions and their associated chemicals had an antibiotic and antixenotic effect on N. elegantalis . Diversos problemas fitosanitarios afectan el cultivo de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum), siendo el pasador del fruto uno de los mas importantes, causando perdidas de hasta el 70% en zonas del departamento del Valle del Cauca (Colombia). Para encontrar mecanismos de resistencia a esta plaga, se sembraron plantas de tres introducciones silvestres de Solanum (PI134417, PI134418, LA1264) y un cultivar comercial Unapal-Maravilla en una casa de malla circular, utilizando un diseno completamente al azar con ocho repeticiones. Se realizaron cinco liberaciones de N. elegantalis y la respuesta se evaluo mediante la prueba de antixenosis o de no preferencia. Adicionalmente, cinco racimos de cada introduccion fueron suspendidos de la parte superior de una jaula (1,8 x 1,5 x 1,5 m) para evaluar su respuesta a seis liberaciones de la plaga. Ambos ensayos se sometieron a analisis de varianza y analisis de medias. UnapalMaravilla presento un promedio de ovoposicion por planta significativamente mayor que las introducciones silvestres, y LA1264 presento un numero promedio de huevos por fruto significativamente menor. Los insectos depositaron mas hue vos en la superficie del fruto (>70%). Los tricomas glandulares tipos I, IV y VI presentes en introducciones silvestres y sus sustancias quimicas asociadas ejercieron un efecto antixenotico y antibiotico en N. elegantalis.
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Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
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