Bioethical responsibility to children, beyond the traditional clinical considerations, is a moral imperative and has a definitive impact on the future. Millions of children the world over find themselves in truly grave circumstances. Hunger, malnutrition, disease, illiteracy, violence, exposure to risk, exploitation and abuse are met with judicial weakness and lack of government attention. This study explores the bioethical needs and problems raised by reflection on children from a global and local perspective.