Abstract The objective of this research was to determine the relationship between social personal development and the evolutionary processes associated to the student learning within language and cognition areas. It was developed according to a descriptive cross-sectioned design. In this research 250 children participated and to whom it was applied the Battelle Development Inventory, in order to evaluate their personal, social, adaptive, communicative and cognitive areas. Results found in this research are important because they help to tackle childhood in educational contexts as they clearly reflect the need to take care and stimulate the emotional and social development. These are aspects of great value, considering those children who cannot develop appropriate emotional patterns during this time, are going to have difficulties in the acquisition of more complex social skills. Resumen El objetivo de esta investigacion consistio en determinar la relacion entre el desarrollo personal social y los procesos evolutivos vinculados con el aprendizaje escolar en las areas del lenguaje y la cognicion. Se desarrollo bajo un diseno descriptivo, de corte transversal. En ella participaron 250 ninos a quienes se les aplico el Inventario del Desarrollo Battelle para evaluar el estado de las areas: personal, social, adaptativa, comunicativa y cognitiva. Sus resultados son importantes para el abordaje de la infancia en contextos educativos, pues reflejan la necesidad de atencion y estimulacion del desarrollo emocional y social, aspectos de sumo valor, teniendo en cuenta que los ninos que no desarrollen durante este periodo patrones emocionales adecuados, posteriormente presentaran dificultades en la adquisicion de habilidades sociales mas complejas.