Abstract Introduction and objective: Understanding the anatomical and physiological modulation of the occlusal plane during growth is critical in identifying some of the factors contributing to the establishment of malocclusion. To characterize the occlusal plane and the development of different dentoskeletal types in school children between 5 and 6 years. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study considered a convenience sample of 107 schoolchildren who met the inclusion criteria. The analyzed variables were Dental Framework, Kim, occlusal plane and FH plane, determined by using anatomic and orbital positions, which served as reference points. Occlusal planes were determined by considering deciduous and mixed dentition, respectively. Results: The classification of the occlusal plane identified in showed that in 65,7% of the school children there was a stable occlusal plane, in 22,9% inclined and in 11,4% flat. In Class III, no data were found with respect to the inclined plane. All patients were between a stable and a flat occlusal plane. A greater proportion was that of the angle of the acute maxillary plane. In the multivariate analysis identified a possible (11,5 %) was found consistent of males with a Class II skeletal pattern, no occlusal plane angulation and obtuse angulation of the maxillary plane. Conclusion: There is a tendency for Class I children to have a stable occlusal plane, Class II individuals an inclined occlusal plane, and Class III children a flat occlusal plane.