One of the main current trends in the international system is the setup and consolidation of regional integration schemes to face the challenges of the international inclusion for emerging economies. The integration from the energetic point of view goes in this direction; however, there is no consensus on its conceptual orientation and its responsible actors in a context dominated by the debate of contradictory visions, with the state and market approaches predominating. This document aims at the exploration of the theoretical and conceptual underpinnings which support the energetic integration in Latin America, trying to establish some of the economic impacts generated by the evolution in the initiatives of such integration and analyzing the political perspectives which have accompanied the process and which will mark its consolidation or paralysis.