Resumen Esta investigacion pretende determinar la relacion entre el nivel de pensamiento formal y el rendimiento academico en matematicas, de los estudiantes de media vocacional del distrito de Barranquilla. El diseno de caracter correlacional, conto con una muestra de 196 estudiantes; 92 pertenecian a 10° y 104 a 11° de ambos sexos, con edades entre 15 a 17 anos . Sometidos , a la prueba de TOLT y Vasco. Se elaboro un analisis descriptivo y estadistico, a traves de correlacion de Pearson, utilizando el software SPSS. Hallandose que los estudiantes no poseen pensamiento formal y que existe una relacion significativa y positiva entre las variables Pensamiento Formal y el rendimiento Academico en Matematica. Relationship between the level of formal thought and academic achievement in the area of ​​ mathematics in a sample of students from vocational middle district of Barranquilla. Abstract This research aims to determine the relationship between the level of formal thought and academic performance in mathematics, students of vocational middle district of Barranquilla. Correlational character design, had a sample of 196 students, 92 belonged to 10 ° and 104-11 ° of both sexes, aged 15-17 years. Subjected to the test of TOLT and Vasco. Developed a descriptive and statistical analysis through Pearson correlation using SPSS software. Finding himself these students do not have formal thought and that there is a significant positive relationship between the variables Formal Thinking and Academic Performance in Mathematics. Keywords: Formal Thought, hypothetical-deductive thinking, academic achievement.