The intention of this article is to argue that our theories of dominion about reality (and particularly our theories about the phenomena of social reality) are originated by both, the influence of the phylogenetic inheritance of our species (implicit theories) and the cultural influences of the cognitive niches that human beings have constructed (mental models). The change from our spontaneous conceptions about learning (both the realistic and interpretative) to artificial conceptions (the constructive) requires an arduous and conscious exercise that will have to be mediated by systems of intentional instruction. In educative contexts, the professors’ role is essential in order to create a conceptual change from the realistic implicit conceptions to the constructive conceptions