Melioidosis, a disease caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei (B. pseudomallei), has been reported verbally in Colombia. In the Asian Southeastern there are reported endemic centers of this infection, associated to the inhalation of aerosols, or contact with water contaminated by the bacteria. It is manifested clinically like septicemia with pulmonary affectation and formation of multiple abscesses. The case of a previously healthy 22 year old soldier is reported, with an acute picture of cough and expectoration, fever and chills and with progressive pain in the right leg. Signs of systemic inflammatory reaction were demonstrated (SIRS), multilobar pneumonia, and arthritis of the right elbow and osteomyelitis of the ipsilateral tibia, with growth of B. pseudomallei in the cultures of the drainage and in the hemocultures. He was treated with Imipenem (500 mg intravenous every 6 hours) and later with trimethoprim Sulfamethoxazole (160/800 mg oral route Neumonia e osteomielitis por Burkholderia pseudomallei. Relatorio de um caso clinico