Introduction. Phosphorus levels are related to the prognosis in patients with liver failure, hepatectomy, acetaminophen poisoning and liver transplantation (HT). Objective. The purpose of this study was to describe the behavior of phosphorus serum levels of patients receiving liver transplantation (TOH) in the first 72 hours of the procedure and survival. Materials and Methods. Phosphorus serum levels were measured, as well as metabolic and demographic variables. We evaluated the survival of the patients. Results. There is association between phosphorus levels in the first 72 hours and graft survival and patients. Patients with grafts and phosphorus levels under 2.5 to 24 hours after liver transplantation had higher survival at discharge. Discussion. The use of phosphorus is necessary for the graft which has initiated an activity suitable for the formation of ATP. Conclusion. Normal or low levels of phosphorus at 24 hours are associated with higher survival of the patients after a TH.