This investigation was aimed to the study of the relationship among the psychosocial variables proposed by the Health Beliefs Model and the taking of the vaginal cytology in a sample of college women, ranging from 18 to 27 years of age. In the first phase of the study a battery of instruments was built in order to assess the different variables: sociodemographic, psychosocial, risk variables, and those related with the healthy behavior; in the second phase a descriptive exploratory correlational study was carried out with a sample of 110 college women. Different associations were observed among the evaluated variables and the taking of the vaginal cytology, where the variables perceived barriers, health motivation and cues to action showed important associations with the taking and maintenance of this healthy behavior.