Five structural elements of regional type have been recognized perpendicular to the main trend of the Venezuelan Andes they being referred to as the: Depresion de Cucuta o Tachira Lineament, Caparo Lineament, Western Maracaibo Lake Lineament, Eastern Maracaibo Lake Lineament and Depresion de Barquisimeto Lineament. These lineaments are characteristically rectilinear, reasonably parallel to each other, and can be traced over hundreds of kilometers. They cut through both the Maracaibo Lake and Barinas-Apure basins up to the surface where they are recognized as geomorphological anomalies. Within the andean ranges and out on the Guayanan Craton they are evident by the alignment of topographic depressions as well as their control over the drainage patterns. Apart from all the above, where the lineaments intersect, a wide variety of geological anomalies are found such as: thickenings and pinch-outs to as much as complete dissappearance of rock outcrops, fault and fold truncation, structural displacement, thickness and/or facial changes; all of which aid in tracing out the lineaments. Magnetic data mostly in the Barinas-Apure basin have also shown the presence of structural highs cut off by NW-SE trending faults and some NW-SE trending morphostructural characteristics coincide with the gravimetric contouring. Magmatic activity cannot, at the present time, be directly related to these lineaments. It is, nevertheless, thought that the various intrusive and extrusive events occurring in different epochs in the Baul massif are connected to the Depresion de Barquisimeto Lineament. The above lineaments are not clearly defined, simple unilinear structures, but rather they are zones that contain one or more of the aforrementioned aligned characteristics. It is believed that they are major fracture zones delimiting major basement blocks along which complex and varied displacements have occurred. Apart from vertical displacements, those recongnized lineaments also show strike displacements. Repetitive movement along the proposed lineaments have given rise to unconformities as well as the facial and thickness changes there found. Said lineaments appear to have been active since well before the end of the Paleozoic, through the Mesozoic and Cenozoic righ up to the Holocene. The Eastern Maracaibo Lake Lineament is directly related to important known oil fields. As a result these lineaments may well become an initially useful tool in petroleum and gas prospection by means of the search for stratigraphic and structural traps along their length.