The testicular varicocele is a pathology associated with male infertility. Its highest prevalence occurs in adolescence and there are reports that suggest that from this age the development of spermatogenesis in adolescents with varicocele is compromised compared with those without. It is necessary to have present two situations: one related to the causes which have varicose veins and venous reflux in the testicular veins and their treatment and other damage caused varicose veins in spermatogenesis. This article presents a review of the most important findings that explain the mechanisms of the impaired fertility of male adolescents with varicocele