El siguiente es un estudio critico sobre la teoria de los Estados fallidos o por colapsar. En este sentido, desde la perspectiva de Robert Rotberg, Noam Chomsky y el Fondo por la Paz, se hace un recorrido al interior de cada teoria y en la conclusion se hace una aproximacion a la realidad colombiana. No obstante lo anterior, a partir de la evolucion institucional del Estado, se afirma que ellos no fracasan sino que los denominados Estados fallidos constituyen, en realidad, una version inconclusa de la organizacion juridico-politica y, por ello, se comete una grave injusticia al evaluarlos como si todos tuvieran el mismo grado de desarrollo. This paper is a critical analysis of the theory of failed states or states about to collapse. Using the points of view of Robert Rotberg, Noam Chomsky and the Fund for Peace, the author studies each theory and, in the concluding remarks, applies these theories to the situation in Colombia. Based on the institutional evolution of the state, this article affirms that states do not fail, but rather that so-called failed states really constitute an unfinished version of a political and legal organization, and, for that reason, a grave injustice is made when all such organizations are judged as if they had achieved the same degree of development.