Este documento expone el papel del Estado en la cobertura del mercado crediticio en Colombia; desde una optica institucional se describen las principales problematicas economicas que afrontan los mercados financieros, como son la presencia de asimetrias de informacion, elevados costos de transaccion, entre otras. Las anteriores circunstancias justifican la intrusion del Estado en aquel sector economico. El articulo analiza un enfoque de intervencion Estatal en el mercado crediticio, el cual consiste en minimizar los costos de transaccion que aquejan el acceso al credito. Solucionando estos problemas economicos, ahora seran los particulares quienes de acuerdo a su autonomia de la voluntad, decidan si amplian o no el acceso actual del mercado crediticio. This document exposes the paper of the State in the cover of the credit market in Colombia, from an institutional optic it describes the main economic problematic that financial markets confronts, as they are the presence of information asymmetries, high costs of transaction, among others. The previous circumstances justify the intrusion of the State in that economic sector. The following article analyzes an approach of State intervention in the credit market, which consists of diminishing the transaction costs which they affect the access on the credit. Solving these economic problems, will let individuals, that according to their autonomy of the will decide if they extend or not the present access of the credit market.