Los ultimos anos del franquismo asistieron en el ambito cinematografico a un fenomeno popular de gran interes en su relacion con el contexto social e ideologico: la proliferacion de comedias basadas en la colision entre tradicion y modernidad. Poco despues, y en plena Transicion a la democracia, emergio un tipo de comedia urbana que plasmaba cambios sustanciales en los usos y costumbres. El presente trabajo propone un analisis de las principales estrategias de construccion dramaticas de esos dos modelos comicos para sintetizar el discurso que formulan sobre las transformaciones sociales en una coyuntura historica de cambio. Palabras clave: Cine popular, Tardofranquismo, Transicion, comedia, cine y sociedad. _________________________ The last years of Francoism had in the film industry a popular phenomenon of great interest in its relation to the social and ideological context: the proliferation of comedies based on the collision between tradition and modernity. Shortly after, during the transition to democracy, a type of urban comedy appeared to represent decisives changes in customs. This paper proposes an analysis of the main strategies of dramatic construction used in these two kind of comedies in order to synthesize their point of view about social transformations in a historical moment of political change. Keywords: Popular Cinema, Last Francoism, Transition, comedy, cinema and society.