This article refers to the results from the community self-diagnosis on behaviors, attitudes and rearing patterns – CAP – resulting from five workshops conducted with male and female caregivers of boys and girls under five years and the chief nurses of State-Owned Social Enterprises - ESE- in 78 municipalities of the Province of Boyaca, Colombia. Both the male and female participants describe the daily routines concerning their care-giving practices. From theoretical-conceptual referents concerning family and socialization, the childrearing practices surviving in the families of both popular and rural sectors are interpreted. Keywords: Family, socialization, rearing patterns, caring, child, girl, parent.