Human toxocariasis is due to Toxocara species larvae migration through their organism, causing a great variety of symptoms. Central nervous system infection is defined by neurologic symptoms in conjunction with histopathological or parasitological diagnosis, a positive immunodiagnostic test result for serum or cerebrospinal fluid. This report describes one case of neurotoxocariasis manifested by headache and epilepsy. The patient lived in a modest home with her sons and four puppies thereby providing positive epidemiological information. The patient’s blood revealed positive anti-Toxocara canis antibodies. Serodiagnosis studies of her sons also proved positive. This paper attempts giving a synoptic overview of this almost unknown helminthozoonosis; summarises the most important epidemiological parameters and presents the diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities available today.