This research analyzes the labor subjectification of organizational capitalism, considering the construction of meaning of workers in hospitals and universities in the public sector, developed according to: a) perceptions of the working environment, b) experience and meaning of work, c) perceived psychosocial impact on the quality of working life and psychological well-being, and d) strategies and practices of facing collective and individual organizational requirements. The study was developed through a qualitative research, by using discourse analysis. In parallel, we applied quantitative techniques, performing a triangulation of the methods as a research strategy. We conducted interviews in-depth, about current work experiences of professionals, along with the application of the questionnaire entitled Calidad de Vida Laboral (Blanch, 2008). Some of the results point out positive aspects like fellowship and the improvement of materials, and, as negative aspects, the excessive workload, the type of contract, job instability and wage compensation.