Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the main causes of urgent consultations in every hospital in the world, with variability of the severity and consequences, depending on its origins, patients’ characteristics (underlying diseases, age, etc.) and treatment received. The national situation deserves special attention due to the armed conflict which has afflicted us for more than 50 years and which has left physical, psychological and psychiatric sequelae in thousands of patients, their families and their surroundings. In this revision we intend to update the sequelae observed at the neuropsychiatric level and the procedures that demonstrate beneficial to the recovery from TCE. We also note some procedures and pharmaceuticals, which may have theoretical benefit as yet unproven.