This study analyzed aspects of the natural feeding of Peltocephalus dumerilianus (Testudines: Podocnemididae; big headed Amazon river turtle) by inspection of samples taken from stomachs and large intestines of individuals consumed as a protein source by people living along the middle Rio Negro river, in the Municipality of Barcelos (Amazon), Brazil. The results showed that this species is an opportunist, omnivore, and generalist, preferring plant material, particularly palm fruits and seeds; in addition, the consumption of diverse animal matter of different taxa was documented.