Resumen: Objetivo: Describir los cambios fisicos estereomicroscopicos que ocurren en los tejidos y en los materiales dentales empleados en un tratamiento endodoncico convencional al ser sometidos a altas temperaturas. Materiales y metodos: Se realizo un estudio experimental in Vitro para observar los cambios fisicos macro-estructurales de los tejidos dentales (esmalte, dentina y cemento) y de los materiales de uso odontologico empleados comunmente en endodoncia (gutapercha Maillefer Dentsply®, cemento endodoncico a base de oxido de zinc-eugenol Eufar®, cemento endodoncico a base de resina epoxica Top Seal® Dentsply®, ionomero de vidrio Fuji I® GC America®, amalgama de plata GS80® SDI® y resina Point 4® Kerr®) en 124 dientes humanos, sometidos a cinco rangos de temperatura (200oC, 400oC, 600oC, 800oC, 1000oC). Resultados: Los tejidos y los materiales dentales estudiados presentan gran resistencia a las altas temperaturas sin variar considerablemente su micro-estructura, de tal manera que los cambios fisicos (estabilidad dimensional, fisuras, grietas, fracturas, textura, color, carbonizacion e incineracion) pueden observarse a traves de estereomicrofotografias y asociarse a cada rango de temperatura especifico. Conclusiones: Los cambios macro y micro-estructurales de los tejidos y los materiales dentales ocurren de forma especifica en cada rango de temperatura, razon por la cual pueden emplearse en el cotejo ante-postmortem durante el proceso de identificacion de un cadaver o restos humanos quemados, incinerados o carbonizados. Rev. Estomat. 2011; 19(2):8-15 Palabras clave: Odontologia forense, identificacion humana, estereomicroscopia, materiales dentales, altas temperaturas. Summary: Objective: To describe the physical estereomicroscopical changes that occur in dental tissues and materials employed in a conventional endodontic treatment after application of high temperatures. Materials and methods:An in Vitro study was carried out to observe microscopic, structural and physical changes on hard dental tissues (enamel, dentine and cement) and on endodontic materials (gutta-percha Maillefer Dentsply®, endodontical cement based on oxide of zinc-eugenol Eufar®, cement based on epoxic resin Top Seal® Dentsply®, glass ionomer Fuji I® GC America®, silver amalgam GS80® SDI® and composite Point 4® Kerr®) in 124 human teeth, submitted to five temperature ranks (200oC, 400oC, 600oC, 800oC, 1000oC). Results: The studied tissues and dental materials presented great resistance to the high temperatures without varying considerably their micro structure, such as that the physical changes (dimensional stability, cracks, pits, fractures, texture, color, carbonization and incineration) can be observed through estereomicrophotographies and can be associated to each specific rank of temperature. Conclusions: Some macrostructural changes of dental tissues and the dental materials occur of specific form in each rank of temperature, and for this reason they can be employed in the comparison before and postmortem during the process of identification of burned or charred corpse and human remains. Key words: Forensic dentistry, human identification, stereomicroscopy, dental materials, high temperatures.