We made a review about history, cultural background, clinical toxicological aspects and neuropsichiatrics effects of acute and chronic use of cocaine. Once cocaine is in the body its metabolic pathway is the same no matter the way cocaine get into the body. Cocaine toxicity is mediated by benzoilecgonine a potent adrenergic direct agonist; its effects in the central nervous system are done by modification in neurotransmitters pathways in dopaminergic, serotoninergic and noradrenergic systems. We discused the differences between acute and chronic intoxication, its relationship with cocaine withdrawal syndrome and proposed pharmacogogical therapeutic for them. We review some post-mortem finding in differents organs.