The phytoparasite nematodes cause lesions in the pitahaya roots system affecting both the vegetative and reproductive growth. The objective of this study was to characterize the phytonematodes affecting the roots system of yellow pitahaya in farms affiliated to the Association of Producers of Yellow Pitahaya (ASOPPITAYA). Samples of roots and soil were collected in 22 farms of the departments of Quindio, Risaralda and Valle del Cauca. The phytonematodes samples were extracted following the centrifugation and flotation in sugar method, and identified using taxonomic keys. The specie Helicotylenchus dihystera was identified and the genera Meloidogyne, Dorylaimus, Tylenchus, Aphelenchus and Pratylenchus were also recognized , with a frequency of 100, 50, 27, 23 and 5%, respectively. H. dihystera presented the highest population with 12,360 individuals/ 100g of roots and soil; followed by Meloidogyne with 2,742 juvenile stages (J2)/100g of roots and soil. It was demonstrated that H. dihystera is the most limitant phytoparasite nematode of pitahaya, requiring monitoring of its populations to implement integrated management practices.