In this globalized world, where air navigation has become a means of transport not only useful but practically mandatory for society, in most cases there is no knowledge about what happens if an accident occurs in the course of a flight within a country, from one country to another or from one continent to another, or what will be the airline´s liability not only with passengers but also with people who for some reason are affected by the accident. By the above, a study about the responsibility of the airlines with passengers and third in Latin America and their differences from Europe is intended in this text. To which, some geographical details, the description of the issue internationally, the role of insurance in air navigation will be done. Finally, a set of conclusions will be useful not only for those who continually know this topic, but for those who are exposed to suffer the consequences of a plane crash at any time.