The present article, answers to the question about the unity or conflict created by religion in the different historic moments in the process of evangelization; collects the determinant elements for the historical analysis of this relationship, in the period before, during and after the independency; recognizes the social and cultural aspects of that epoch in a general way, and about the Spanish and American aspects, in a particular way. Finally, this article situated in the present and with an objective point of view, reflects about the nexuses between the catholic faith and the people's culture.