Strengthening of a juridical and philosophical culture should be linked to acknowledgement of political transformations resulting from the inclusion of the social and constitutional right State model. Through an approach to two important topics such as general theory of law and theory of difficult cases, this paper is intended to disclose the main theoretical and methodological implications resulting from such model and to report some obstacles which have prevented its acceptance, and a special emphasis is made on the need for theory and methodologies specifically consistent with the Colombian context