On July 25th, 2010, the first five years of Justice and Peace Law were met. For some, the Law consists on a significant step forward in terms of transitional justice; for others, it is only a batch of unfulfilled promises. Under this context of many questions and acknowledgments, this paper studies the Act in its first half decade. To do so, the central aspects of Colombian peace negotiation processesare highlighted, and a general scheme for the most significant aspects of the rule is outlined, along with its main results. Finally, we present some of the main critiques and challenges facing the process under Act 975 of 2005.