Memetics and imitation: some possibilities from a cognitive viewpoint Currently, there is a visible and growing controversy concerning the use of biological theories on subjects that used to be the exclusive domain of the social sciences. If we assume that there are clear similarities between cultural and biological change, what should be the research program for the comprehension of those changes? Memetics describes and explains cultural transmission under the basic assumption that culture evolves just as biological systems do. From a standpoint that understands the concept of meme as a basic unit by which cultural phenomena can be studied in naturalistic terms, a brief presentation of the theory of memetics is offer, including its basic concepts and ideas on its multiple relationships with mind, language and culture. Key words: Meme, memetics, naturalized culture, imitation.