During the last decades the revision of epistemological notions that have tended to the installation of the conception of reality as construction has been produced. These ideas that must be understood from the logic of the postmodern criticism suppose the rejection of a reality supported in only one and apprehensible order and the supposed correspondence between the object and the representation of it one. In this work, it is examined the shift from the notion of the point of view from the object to the subject, and the development of the Impressionism and the historical vanguards at the light of the Constructivist theory, indicating how the artistic movements at the ends of the XIXth and beginning of the XXth, can be read as precedents of such theoretical foundations, as they insinuated not only in the practice but also in the theoretical speech, many of their principles with regard to reality as a subjective process that does not exist with the independence of the observer.