Objectives: To establish the relationship between mental abilities and prosocial behavior in children with features of social deprivation, identify the use of mentalistic skills in contexts of social deprivation and to promote the use of mental abilities through role-play. Materials and methods: This research is descriptive and qualitative in nature from the case study. The sample consists of children aged 7 years, who are educated and have no diagnosis of learning problems or other related diagnoses. Once the pilot procedures and Habilidades mentalistas y conducta prosocial en ninos escolarizados