Since when Helicobacter pylori was discovered, the eradication has been one of the most important challenges in gastroenterology. In many places, the prevalence of primary resistance of microorganism to the different antibiotics is not known, and these are used empirically. In daily practice, no routine test is used to verify the eradication, and therefore do not know the effectiveness of the schemes. Knowing these two factors is possible identify those still infected and choose the next rescue therapy in a rational form. The absence of information on pre-treatment resistance is a problem that cannot measure the impact of resistance to therapeutic failure. A global level, the standard triple therapy has lost the effectiveness that it had in the past and sequential therapy is not equally effective everywhere, especially in regions where there is high resistance to clarithromycin and metronidazole. The schemes have proved effective with levofloxacin triple therapies as first line therapy or rescue, but it is necessary that each region takes its own schemes of treatment based on susceptibility tests and pharmacogenomic studies.