Resumen En este trabajo se realiza una contribucion a la perspectiva sociocultural de la competitividad a traves de un esquema analitico que permite identificar factores limitantes a la competitividad de sectores economicos vulnerables en las regiones. Este esquema se basa en la propuesta analitica de la antropologia cultural que considera que la ecologia, la estructura social y la ideologia son los factores determinantes de la evolucion de los sistemas socioculturales, por lo que el analisis de estos permite describir, explicar y clasificar las comunidades y su dinamica. A partir de la identificacion del sector avicola en la region del Valle del Cauca (Colombia), de su vulnerabilidad, pero tambien de su importancia como alternativa para la diversificacion de la plataforma productiva de la region, se aplico el esquema de analisis de los factores geoeconomicos y sociopoliticos. Este ejercicio se complemento con las consultas a los empresarios del sector, que no solamente validaron con sus opiniones los factores encontrados, sino que tambien intervinieron en el establecimiento de los puntos neuralgicos de accion estrategica. Palabras clave: Estrategia competitiva, competitividad, sinergia cognitiva, desarrollo sectorial, globalizacion, desarrollo regional, integracion regional. Abstract In this paper a contribution to the competitive socio-cultural perspective is developed through an analytical scheme that allows to identify limiting factors to the competitive capacity of region vulnerable economical sectors. It is based on the cultural anthropology analytical proposal that considers the ecology, the social structure, and the ideology as determinant factors of socio-cultural systems that let describe, explain, and classify communities and their dynamics. Based upon identification of poultry sector in the Valle del Cauca Region (Colombia), on its vulnerability, and on its importance as an alternative to the region productive platform diversification, geo-economical and sociopolitical factors schemes were applied. This exercise was complemented with consultancies to the sector’s entrepreneurs who not only validated the factors found with their opinion but they also intervened on neuralgic points of strategic action definition. Keywords: Competitive strategy, competitivity, cognition synergy, sector development, globalization, regional development, regional integration.