Introduction and objective: Control of facial growth requires an in-depth knowledge of dental, bone and muscle changes produced in the stomatognathic system. The aim of this study was to describe dental and bone features of a group of school children between 5 and 6 years old. Materials and methods: This descriptive study used the epidemiological database of a Postgraduate Orthodontics program, and base on the inclusion criteria, 107 school children were selected. Data was obtained through profile radiography and study models. A descriptive analysis of central tendency measures and a correspondence analysis was made. Results: Overbites, straight terminal planes and Class I canine relationships were found between 41% and 60%. Maxillary structures in relation to the cranial base showed a median position 64% (upper) and 65% (lower). Anterior facial heights were found over 60% in a median size. Four classes were observed with the multivariate analysis. The third class showed the highest percentage (45%) and was formed by school children with ideal dental and bone features in the complete primary dentition. A central tendency analysis and a multivariate analysis were made in order to characterize groups. Conclusions: 45% of school children showed ideal features in primary dentition. The relations of the maxillary structures to cranium showed higher values in women. Measurements such as Y axis, SN-mandibular plane, maxillomandibular plane and goniac angle were higher in men