El objetivo del presente estudio fue establecer la relacion entre autocontrol y las variables: desempeno academico, grado escolar y sexo en 87 estudiantes de transicion, segundo y cuarto grado de primaria. Para medir la variable autocontrol, se planteo una tarea de eleccion entre un reforzador inmediato de baja magnitud y un reforzador postergado de mayor proporcion. Esta tarea se presento de forma grupal simulando los eventos de eleccion que se presentan en la realidad. Los resultados indican que las variables desempeno academico y grado escolar se relacionaron de manera positiva con autocontrol, mostrando diferencias estadisticamente significativas. Adicionalmente se encontro que en terminos de proporcion las mujeres tienden a postergar el refuerzo en mayor medida en comparacion con los hombres. Palabras claves: Autocontrol, Desempeno Academico, Conducta de Eleccion, Reforzador Inmediato, Reforzador Demorado. Abstract The aim of this article was to establish the relation between self-control and a group of variables: academic performance, grade and gender, in 87 students of transition, second and fourth grade. To measure self-control, it was selected an election task between a delayed reinforcer and an immediate reinforce. This task was presented in a group activity simulating real election events. The results indicate that the academic performance and grade variables were associated positively with self-control, indicating statistically significant differences. In addition it was observed that women tend to delay the reinforcement at higher rates than men do. Keywords: Self-control, Academic Performance, Academic Achievement, Choice Behavior, Immediate Reinforcer, Delayed Reinforcer, Reinforcement Delay.