RESUMEN El uso excesivo o indiscriminado de antibioticos va de la mano con la aparicion de resistencia bacteriana. Objetivo: Confirmar si el control de la prescripcion diaria de antibioticos contribuye a disminuir la resistencia bacteriana. Metodos: Estudio descriptivo, trasversal, del control de la prescripcion diaria de antibioticos. Durante los anos 2004 a 2007 (primer periodo) y 2008 a 2011 (segundo periodo). Diariamente se evaluo la prescripcion de antibioticos de control institucional y se compararon semestralmente cada ano sus resultados, con el reporte de resistencia en bacterias bajo vigilancia epidemiologica. Resultados: Los resultados obtenidos con el control diario de las prescripciones de antibioticos durante el estudio evidencian que controlar antibioticos ayuda a disminuir la resistencia bacteriana, en el periodo 2004-2007. La falta de adherencia a las politicas institucionales de control de las prescripciones de antibioticos, evidencio en el estudio aumento de la resistencia bacteriana, en el periodo 2008-2010. Comentario: Controlar institucionalmente antibioticos contribuye a disminuir la resistencia bacteriana o aumentarla sino se controlan. Palabras clave: Control de antibioticos, resistencia bacteriana, prescripcion antibiotica CONTROLLED USE OF ANTIBIOTICS HELPS IN REDUCING ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE IN AN INSTITUTION OF FOUR LEVEL OF COMPLEXITY (2004-2012) Objective: Excessive or indiscriminate use of antibiotics goes hand in hand with the emergence of bacterial resistance. This study aims at checking whether the daily control of antibiotic prescription helps in reducing bacterial resistance. Methods: This is a descriptive, crossed study. During years 2004 to 2007 (fi rst period) and 2008-2011 (second period), daily antibiotic prescribing institutional control was evaluated; yearly comparison of bi-annual semester results with the report of resistance to bacteriae under epidemiologic surveillance was done. Results: The results obtained with daily monitoring of antibiotic prescriptions during the study showed that antibiotics control helped to reduce bacterial resistance (period 2004-2007). Lack of adherence to institutional policies for the control of antibiotic prescriptions evidenced increased bacterial resistance (2008-2010). Comments: Controlling daily institutionally prescribed antibiotics help to reduce bacterial resistance, but loosening the strategy reverses that trend. Key words: Antibiotic control, antimicrobial resistance, antibiotic prescriptions