Purpose Examine the static mechanical behavior of S1, S2, F1 files from ProTaper Universal ® system under torsion and bending taking into account the mechanical properties by finite element method. Methodology The investigated files were ProTaper Universal ® S1, S2, F1, modeled with the ANSYS software 10 and subjected to torsional forces in 0.25 N/cm up to reach the maximum torque recommended by the commercial S1, S2, F1 Maillefer ® and bending in an angle of 60°, which allowed the observation of the limes deformation. Results The maximum stress occurs in the nucleus (center) of the section for all instruments evaluated, when the torque is increased the stress is dissipated to the periphery (flute edge) to S1 (D5, D10, D14), S2 (D5, D7, D8, D10), F1 (D2, D3, D5). When S1 was subjected to torsion in D5 and D0 regardless how big or small should be applied, the highest stress value exceeded the plastic deformation threshold in the instrument core section. While the S2 files with torques of 1 or 1.5 N/cm exceeded the material elastic limit. The torque high values 1 N/cm for the NiTi martensite phase did not exceed the elastic limit, but using a torque of 1.5 N/cm the plastic limit was exceeded. The F1 file in D0, D2 with torques of 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 N/cm, the stress maximum values exceeded the limit of plastic deformation. During the bending times, we can say that the S1, S2, F1 files performed well since the vast majority of the structure is found below the breaking strength due to the neutral line is fairly wide. Conclusions The torsional forces for all the studied files showed more risk of instrument separation compared to bending forces.