Interdisciplinary research is nurtured elementary and secondary sources (case studies, interviews, life histories) on the legal and cultural pluralism in Colombia. I approach the principle of ethnic and cultural diversity with three driving elements such as active tolerance, the pre-existence of legal and cultural pluralism and the challenge of multiculturalism. To understand the concept of legal pluralism scientific study is complemented by a case study: the Wayuu people of northern Colombia. To end a comparison with the Colombian justice (criminal) and restorative justice “compositio.”