Jury trial in criminal cases is one of the most popular institutions regarding justice administration. This monograph has the purpose of making a descriptive analysis of the figure based in Anglo-Saxon law, in specialized international doctrine, in the experience of Colombian and foreign lawyers and in the national experience implementing this kind of trial. This way it will be possible to establish the essential elements of jury trials, identify the strong and weak aspects of the figure in order to finally determine if the application of jury trials in Colombia will convene.