Colombia has been marked by convulsions and outbreaks of violence; today, that dark reality is nothing alien. In recent decades, the polarization and fragmentation of politics have also been evident, beginning with the divisions between conservatives and liberals, passing through the creation of guerrilla and paramilitary groups outside the law, the fight against drug cartels, the fights between former President Santos and former President Uribe, up to the current polarization generated by Gustavo Petro against the government of Iván Duque. In this research, we analyze the different political and social currents that converge in the country and how they have contributed to the polarization that currently exists. We interviewed various political sources, opinion analysts, citizens and expert professionals. With their contributions, the factors that configure this polarization are contextualized and the consequences produced at the national level and their implication for the future of the country are demonstrated.