Introduction: Dengue is the most important arboviruses around the world. Colombia is hyperendemic for this disease and their severe complication is present in the population Colombian. Objective: To determine the sociodemographic, clinical and laboratory factors associated with the presence of severe dengue in Colombian patients with a confirmed diagnosis of dengue reported to the National Public Health Surveillance System during the years 2013 - 2015. Methodology: Cross-sectional retrospective analytical observational study. The association between the dependent variable and the independent ones was evaluated by U Mann-Whitney and Chi square or Fisher's exact test. The variables that showed a value of (p <0.25) were included in the multivariate analysis. Results: Of the total cases (1172) with inclusion criteria (1044 dengue and 128 severe dengue), 50% of the patients diagnosed with dengue were under 19 years of age. The multivariate analysis showed: leukocytosis p=0.026, thrombocytopenia p <0.001, presence of manes (OR = 48.97, 95% CI: 7.90-303.30), hemoptysis (OR = 46.71, CI 95 %: 3.59-606.54), hypotension (OR = 12.06, 95% CI: 4.68-31.04), hepatomegaly (OR = 10.34, 95% CI: 3.66-29, 21), gingivorrea (OR = 6.45, 95% CI: 1.76-23.56), petechiae (OR = 2.87, 95% CI: 0.98-8.39), abdominal pain (OR = 2.42, 95% CI: 1.22-4.79), headache (OR = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.19-0.76) and serotype DENV2 (OR 2.62, 95% CI: 1.25-5.50). Conclusions: Most of the variables associated in this study with the presence of severe dengue corresponding to clinical manifestations, where the bleeding have a significant weight within the results; however, the finding associated with serotype DENV2 makes it a relevant finding in the prognostic of severity of the disease, this association was also reported by other authors in different studies worldwide.